Category Archives: Criteria for Cults

What critieria should one use to determine if a group is a cult?

“But, that is no excuse for us to tolerate it here…”

   There are times when watching a movie that you get caught up in the plot and seemingly forget your own life and struggles. Maybe that is the attraction to so many folks watching movies in this country. Recently, I watched “Gods and Generals” (Warner Home Video and AOL Warner Company presenting a Ted Turner Film, Antietam Filmworks Production, a Ron Maxwell Film, Copyright©2002 Ted Turner Film Properties, LLC) From the back cover- “Based on Jeffrey M. Shaara’s bestseller, Gods and Generals recounts the fierce allegiances and combat of the early Civil War. Ronald F. Maxwell directs the prequel to his Gettysburg, framing the story with three bold men and three fateful battles. The men: Joshua Chamberlin (Jeff Daniels), “Stonewall” Jackson (Stephen Lang), Robert E. Leee (Robert Duvall). The battles: Manassas, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville. Through these combatants and conflicts we witness bravery and strife of a nation at war with itself.”

  During my viewing of this film, I must admit, at least for a few minutes, forgetting about my life and the present events unfolding. Yes, this film is a representation of what happened and can only in a very small way capture the depth of the struggles, emotions and turmoil of the times. I knew this going in. But, during this film there was a scene that woke me up and captivated me in a very intriguing way. It was during a monologue by Joshua Chamberlin. This scene takes place as Chamberlin leads his brother, Tom to a view point over a river. I will paraphrase the introduction as Chamberlin points out to his brother that each person in the army of thousands is loved by someone, a whole person loved or cherished in a home far away. “Many of them will never return.”

   Next, he describes armies as tools of power meant to coerce others. He goes on to recognize that they have seen more suffering than any man should ever see. And if there is going to be an end to it, then it must “be an end that justifies the cause.”  Then he swings his arm out over the valley below and says, “Somewhere out there is the Confederate Army. They claim they are fighting for their independence, their freedom. Now, I cannot question their integrity. I believe they are wrong, but, I cannot question it. But, I do question the system that defends its own freedom while it denies it to others, to an entire race of men. I will admit it Tom; war is a scourge, but, so is slavery. It is the systematic coercion of one group of men over another. It has been around since the book of Genesis. It exists in every corner of the world. But, that is no excuse for us to tolerate it here, when we find it right before our very eyes, in our own country. As God is my witness, there is no one I hold in my heart dearer than you. But, if your life or mine is part of the price to end this curse and free the Negro, then let God’s will be done.”  

   Continue reading “But, that is no excuse for us to tolerate it here…”

“Sons of Perdition” from OWN Documentary Club (2)

    A few weeks ago, I received the “Sons of Perdition- The Story of Polygamy’s Exiled Youth” documentary in the mail. This film is from the OWN Network. We have previously mentioned this film on this blog. The credits are many, so here is the list from the back cover- IMPACT PARTNERS and BBC STORYVILLE present a LEFT RUN FILMS production in association with MOTTO PICTURES and CACTUS THREE. Editor – Jenny Golden, executive producers- Diana Barrett, Abigail Disney, Caroline Stevens, Krysanne Katsoolis. Copyright©2010 Virgil Films and Entertainment, LLC.  There is a website for the film- “sonsofperditionthemovie.com”. The film is rated “R”. The film contains “street talk” as well as some scenes of alcohol and drug use. It is all a part of the true story. On the DVD there is also an option for a “family friendly language track”.

   Honestly, I put off watching this film after I came home from work for several hours. I knew it would be remind me of Word of Faith Fellowship (WOFF). However, it was so timely considering the exit drama which has unfolded over the past few weeks concerning a young man who has come out of WOFF. As I reviewed this film, I will compare and contrast to my experience at WOFF and my understanding since I left in July 2008. We have compared the practices of the Fundamental Latter-Day Saints (FLDS) to WOFF in previous posts. There are many of the same practices in both groups and there are also several practices which are not shared.

  We pick up our review at the beginning of chapter two of the documentary. There you meet Kevin Black. He is working in a garage. He says he has been out of Colorado City for eleven years. Kevin gives a short history of the FLDS and says several statements of note. Those in the group “believe polygamy was never supposed to be outlawed and they live it no matter the cost.” In this country, we are allowed by our “religious freedom”, to pursue lifestyles and certain choices- “no matter the cost.” This goes on even to the destruction or denial of certain other God-given freedoms outlined and protected in our Constitution. As in WOFF, in FLDS there was the pursuit of certain lifestyle choices at the denial and refusal to exercise and live certain other accepted social freedoms that many consider basic. Is this direction for a group or individuals prudent? For adults, it may be accepted, but, when children are involved and their choices of limiting their freedoms are made for them and their reality does not include certain freedoms, I consider that detrimental and destructive. We can presume that obviously, Kevin Black did also, or he would still be in the group.  

   Continue reading “Sons of Perdition” from OWN Documentary Club (2)

Do You Believe in Magic?

   Recently, I have had several conversations with a survivor of another group. The similarities between the control measures used in Word of Faith Fellowship (WOFF) and the survivor’s former group have been nothing short of amazing and sad. It is regretful that the results have been eerily the same. During one conversation, this survivor said there “stolen intimacy” as a result of the control measures of the leader of that group. This person had lost their family relationships over their discontinued church membership. Yes, really- it was the same as many cases from WOFF. As I listened and began to understand their situation, I realized it was not so much “stolen intimacy” but rejected intimacy. Let me explain.

   During my time at WOFF, it was an acceptable and actually a required practice to be denied contact with members that had left WOFF. As warm-up for that practice, when a member was on “church discipline” or in church discipleship, you were expected to allow God to deal with their heart and not talk to or “fellowship” with them. Certain ones in leadership or a spouse may be able to talk to them and allow that person to “open their heart” and share where “God was dealing with them”. All of these phrases were code talk within WOFF and after a short period of time, you began to get the meaning and became aware of the penalties for crossing the boundaries or breaking the unwritten rules. You may cross the line once- but, you would soon be told how to act toward those on church discipline.  

   What “sin” could have you put on church discipline? Whatever violation Jane thought was too severe to allow you to “walk among God’s people”. The “sin” could be one you were warned about before or a new one you were totally unaware of as being “sin”. If you were “listening to the spirit of God” and in tune with Him – you would know what actions or thoughts were sin and what were not “sin”… Really? This seemed so spiritual when you were in WOFF. I believed and acted upon that notion for a long time while inside WOFF. It seemed perfectly justifiable to me within the confines or parameters of the sub-culture we lived in.  Now, I see it as a power play from Jane and the leadership to keep the regular members always unsure and fearful to do ANYTHING without “checking things out with leadership” to “see if they were hearing God”. Can you say – dysfunctional grace? Since the rules were unwritten and the code of conduct at times so elusive, then it allowed Jane her own interpretation and ability to make the rules what she wanted them to be at any given moment. If she decided to change things, then we were walking in a higher place in God (while still being “so full of sin it made her sick!”)and/or “God was trusting us more” or the individuals had heard God for that situation, but it was not certain everyone else would have that liberty.

  Continue reading Do You Believe in Magic?

What is Your Advice?

     Over the last few weeks, I have spoken to many different folks about Word of Faith Fellowship (WOFF). The reaction of every person who had never been inside a group such as WOFF was almost exactly the same. They would exclaim- How can the members stay? Or how can intelligent people submit to the rules and the control? The disbelief was obvious. I have had that reaction many times. After several attempts to explain that intelligence has no part in whether a person becomes a member of a cult or controlling group. I had come to an end of how I could explain the quandary. In order to help others understand WOFF, I had mentioned other groups that were obviously dysfunctional and had been labeled as cults. These groups also had members who were accomplished or held some revered position.

     During the explanation, I mentioned that cult leaders seek to fulfill needs. Some of the needs were physical, some were emotional or spiritual. It was obvious during my time with WOFF that Jane Whaley helped meet needs in the lives of members. After all, don’t most churches “help” people? Isn’t that a basic premise of Christianity? Helping others is not unusual in a religious setting. Many churches help with financial, social and emotional needs. One key factor that differentiates controlling religious groups from legitimate ministries is this: what does the “free” help cost the recipient? If the person receiving help is required to listen to the gospel message and is not pressured to accept the message and join the group, then that could be a non-threatening environment for the person needing help. The power of free will and autonomous decision making remains with the person receiving the help.

   However, if the process requires that the person accept the church “gospel” messages while employing methods of “guilt-loading” tactics, the environment could be unsafe. If with one hand the group gives and the other they intend or attempt to take away freedoms and choices, consider leaving the group and seeking help elsewhere.

  Continue reading What is Your Advice?

Who is The Biggest Loser?

    We continue with the theme of losses associated with being a part of Word of Faith Fellowship (WOFF).  Who has not seen the commercials advertising the show The Biggest Loser®? I have never seen the show, but, from what I understand it is about people losing weight. Here is a link to their website. http://www.nbc.com/the-biggest-loser/ . Yes, it is a simple concept.

   In the WOFF reality, who would be considered to have the most losses or the biggest loser? Let’s consider this from several angles. In the last post, we mentioned the losses of those inside the group. We will not go over them, but, a reader pointed out something very true.

   For those inside WOFF, “the biggest loss of all is losing the individual person God intended all of us to be. You cannot conform to all their rules and regulations and not lose sight of who you really are.Thank you for pointing that out. Under the legalism, there are many losses. Who would deny that? Under that system of works and performance, there is no option but to set your true-self aside and conform or out the door you go… That new “WOFF-self” is subject to the whims, wishes and angry shouts of Jane Whaley. All of the pressures to surrender and become who Jane directs are clothed in the religious mantra of the day. That pressure could be brought with any number of phrases and clichés.  Here is a list to choose from- If you don’t submit, you will end up “losing your place in God”; by making that choice you are “denying the call of God on your life”. Then there is the one used on us all as a congregation, “When you saw that sin (put most anything here.) Why were you not convicted? I (the minister speaking) was convicted immediately when I heard about it. Where have you cut God off? What sin are you hiding?” At times, the pressure to submit to group-think was so blatant and obvious. The phrase could be something like- “Why would God lead you away from what he is showing his ministers?” Even the pressures to deny your personal time with God were/are great. Being alone with God was not promoted. Why? It was taught: because you may “give over to a religious spirit”.

  Continue reading Who is The Biggest Loser?

I am sorry for your loss…

   Over the last few weeks, I have noticed something very peculiar. It may have been going on for a long time and just recently came to my attention. During the normal course of living, I run into people I have never met before and we inevitably strike up conversations about our individual lives. Sometimes, I purposely leave out parts of my past and as far as I can tell, this is done with no set criteria. Some days, I just don’t feel like talking about being a former cult member. On days that is seems relevant and I do talk about it, I generally give the short version. Why? Well, I have learned over time that very few people outside of Rutherford County have any interest in hearing it and many cannot relate to the experience. I suspect the non-interest comes for any number of reasons. Any one of which could range from disbelief to negative experiences of their own that have never been sorted out or processed.

    After giving a very brief summary of the last few years, I have noticed that several folks have responded with, “I am sorry for your loss…” Now, when I first heard that response I didn’t think much of it. I suspected the individual was just truly searching for something compassionate to say while not openly inviting further discussion, if I was not comfortable with the subject. You know, as one may respond to the news of another person having lost a loved one or dear friend to death or divorce. Maybe that is it. See, I have lost close family members to a death of sorts and certainly to a divorce. And yes, it makes sense that a person realizing my loss, would respond, “I am sorry for your loss…”

    The results have been discussed here before. After being under the influence of the teachings and practices of Word of Faith Fellowship (WOFF) for 16 years, I left the group in July of 2008. That was after Jane Whaley put me out of the group after she was told by Liisa Bryson about a discussion we had. So, which was it? Was I put out or did I leave? I was put out of the church and banned from church property June of 2008, and then I left the WOFF household I had lived in since October of 2002. Regardless of the technical terms of the separation from WOFF, the net effect was the same as many others who count themselves as former members. My family stayed in and the death of our relationships progressed similar to the dying or dead relationships of others who left family members behind.

  Continue reading I am sorry for your loss…

“Sons of Perdition” from OWN Documentary Club (1)

  This past Friday, I received the “Sons of Perdition- The Story of Polygamy’s Exiled Youth” documentary in the mail. This film is from the OWN Network. We have previously mentioned this film on this blog. The credits are many, so here is the list from the back cover- IMPACT PARTNERS and BBC STORYVILLE present a LEFT RUN FILMS production in association with MOTTO PICTURES and CACTUS THREE. Editor – Jenny Golden, executive producers- Diana Barrett, Abigail Disney, Caroline Stevens, Krysanne Katsoolis. Copyright©2010 Virgil Films and Entertainment, LLC.  There is a website for the film- “sonsofperditionthemovie.com”. The film is rated “R”. The film contains “street talk” as well as some scenes of alcohol and drug use. It is all a part of the true story. On the DVD there is also an option for a  “family friendly language track”.

   Honestly, I put off watching this film after I came home from work for several hours. I knew it would be remind me of Word of Faith Fellowship (WOFF). However, this is so timely considering the exit drama which has unfolded over the last two weeks concerning a young man who has come out of WOFF. As I review this film, I will compare and contrast to my experience at WOFF and my understanding since I left in July 2008. We have compared the practices of the Fundamental Latter-Day Saints (FLDS) to WOFF in pervious posts. There are many of the same practices in both groups and there are also several practices which are not shared.

   The film starts with scenes from “The Crick”- a settlement also called Colorado City, located on the Utah and Arizona border. As scenes are shown of FLDS members tending their garden and riding horses, the voice of Warren Jeffs is heard saying, “Oh, young people, eternity was (is) within your reach, if you will just live faithful so the Prophet can place you properly in marriage. I want you to believe these stories. There are no monogamous in heaven. The men have many wives and that is the way men become gods and wives become heavenly mothers. I want to tell you young people, it is a sin to even talk about boy-friends and girl-friends, because you know the right way. But, what happens to people that turn away from this? The Revelation says they will be destroyed.”   

   Continue reading “Sons of Perdition” from OWN Documentary Club (1)